‘Particular average’, which is the failure of the insured to insure the goods for their proper value, may not be covered. Where the goods are underinsured, the insured will have to bear a partial loss in proportion to the underinsurance.(“单独海损”,即被保险人未能为货物投保其适当价值,可能不予承保。如果货物投保不足,被保险人将不得不承担与保险不足成比例的部分损失。)

单独海损(Particular Average) 是指保险标的物在海上遭受承保范围内的风险所造成的部分灭失或损害,即指除共同海损以外的部分损失。这种损失只能由标的物所有人单独负担。与共同海损相比较,单独海损的特点是: ( 1 ) 它不是人为有意造成的部分损失。 ( 2 ) 它是保险标的物本身的损失 ( 3 ) 单独海损由收损失的被保险人单独承担,但其可根据损失情况从保险人那里获得赔偿。根据英国海上法,货物发生单独海损时,保险人应赔金额的计算,等于受损价值与完好价值之比乘以保险金。


Additional cover can be obtained by purchasing insurance with one of the standard cargo clauses for war or strikes. Piracy is no longer covered by ordinary marine risk insurance, but cover is available under war risk policies where premiums are set according to the regions into which a ship is due to sail.(通过购买带有战争或罢工标准货物条款之一的保险,可以获得额外的保险。海盗行为不再由普通的海上风险保险承保,但根据战争风险政策提供保险,其中保费根据船舶将要驶入的地区设定。)


来自CITF2021 6.8.1 Types of insurance

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